Environmental Regulation, Region Industry Advantage and Trade Competitiveness

The Chemical Industry: Regulation, Innovation, and Competitiveness

The effect of environmental regulation on innovation by firms and on competitiveness by countries has been a source of theorizing and debate for more than half a century. In particular, the chemical industry, which arose in Europe and the US at the end of the 19 century together with the second industrial revolution, has been accused of causing numerous large-scale accidents, which have had sig...

A Study of Comparative Advantage and Intra-Industry Trade in the Pharmaceutical Industry of Iran

BACKGROUND Drug costs in Iran accounts for about 30% of the total health care expenditure. Moreover, pharmaceutical business lies among the world's greatest businesses. The aim of this study was to analyze Iran's comparative advantage and intra-industry trade in pharmaceuticals so that suitable policies can be developed and implemented in order to boost Iran's trade in this field. METHODS To ...

Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage in Hungarian Agriculture

We examine the competitiveness of Hungarian agriculture in relation to that of the EU, based on four indices of revealed comparative advantage, for the period 1992 to 1998. Consistency tests suggest that the indices are less satisfactory as cardinal and ordinal measures, but are useful in identifying whether or not Hungary has a comparative advantage in a particular product group. Despite signi...

Sustainable Development, Environmental Regulation, and International Trade

Environmental Regulation, International Trade, and Transboundary Pollution

It has often been argued that opening up the economy to increased international trade can transform a less developed economy into a developed economy. There is growing concern, however, about the environmental consequences of increased international trade. Typically, different countries have different environmental regulations and it is argued that the developed countries have more stringent en...